C. 8th-12th century AD A terracotta Byzantine fire grenade in the form of a piriform vessel, which would have been filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade/fire bomb. Inside was Greek fire, a mixture of elements whose precise recipe is still unknown today. This mixture, once ignited, could not be extinguished with water, which on contact with it increased the flame by bringing oxygen. Only with the use of ammonia could the flame be extinguished, and in fact in the battles in which this incredible weapon was used, a few barrels with liquid ammonia accumulated in the previous days were kept on the walls. Furthermore, the siege towers that were made of wood to prevent them from being burnt were covered with ammonia-soaked skins. Only in this way could the soldiers inside save themselves from an excruciating death. Chipped body with earthy surface deposits. STAND NOT INCLUDED Size: 90mm height approx Provenance; The seller of this lot hereby guarantees that this object was obtained legally. Purchased by the current owner in the UK in 2020 from Ex London collection from 1990's Shipping & Customs information Please note there maybe some delays with shipping and courier services due to the UK's recent departure from the EU and Covid-19 restrictions. Please also be aware of customs tariffs or import duties, clearance and handling charges which may also apply to your shipment, which will be charged to you by the third party if applicable. Please note: Due to covid and Brexit Italian customs are experiencing long delays. Important information. The seller guarantees that he is entitled to ship this lot. The seller will take care that any necessary permits will be arranged. The seller will inform the buyer about this if this takes more than a few days Proud to be BNTA and ADA members and as such abide by their strict code of ethics. All items offered are AUTHENTIC and unconditionally GUARANTEED to be GENUINE.