ITEM: Vessel MATERIAL: Pottery CULTURE: Indus Valley PERIOD: 2nd millenium B.C DIMENSIONS: 62 mm x 100 mm CONDITION: Good condition PROVENANCE: Ex English private collection, A., acquired between 1980 - 2015 The Indus Valley culture was a Bronze Age civilization that developed from around 3300 BC to 1300 BC along the Indus River Valley in Afghanistan, Pakistan and northwest India. It encompassed about a hundred settlements and two major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, both in Pakistan. Together, it comprised the largest area of all ancient civilisations, over a million square kilometres, and spanned several periods, with its peak between 2600 and 1900 BC. Like the civilisations of Mesopotamia and Egypt, it was dependent on its river. Like the Nile, the Indus overflowed every year, flooding vast areas and depositing fertile sediments. This immense agricultural potential was the basis on which urbanism developed around the Indus River.With the prehistoric cultures of the Indus valley, the first chapter in the history of India is being prepared. It is a long prehistoric period, proven by lithic testimonies. On the other hand, prehistoric remains can be found up to the first millennium BC, that is, up to a time when the peninsula had already entered history. Strictly speaking, the cultures of the Indus belong to prehistory as they have only left archaeological remains without literary documents, but to appreciate Indian history it is necessary to take into consideration these prehistoric urban cultures. Comes with Certificate of Authenticity and Export license If you bid outside the european union and win the item, we will have to apply for an export licence for your country and shipping will take 3 to 5 weeks.