Yanson Yu.E. Theory of Statistics. 4th edition. With 18 diagrams in the text. St. Petersburg. 1907. 615 p., diagram. The author, Yanson Yuliy Eduardovich (1835-1892) - a famous Russian statistician, professor. This edition of "Theory of Statistics" was awarded a gold medal and a full Count Tolstoy Prize by the Imperial Academy of Sciences, and the author was elected a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences. The book brought Yu.E. Yanson worldwide fame and was translated into German. The content of the course on the theory of statistics is presented in five sections, linked by the main idea of ​​the essence and tasks of statistics as a science. Yu. Yanson defined statistics as the study of social phenomena that can be the subject of mass observation and the study of which requires quantitative and mathematical methods. The book presents a historical outline of the development of scientific statistics in different countries of the world, starting from ancient Roman times, emphasizing its importance as a "state" science.