Tibor Gönczi Gebhard - 1950 - ski - train - children railway Cold War Communist party- socialist USSR - russia - soviet

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The poster is a Hungarian vintage travel advertisement that promotes the "Üttörő-vasút" (Pioneer Railway), highlighting the nearby skiing destinations. This railway, known today as the Children's Railway, is located in Budapest and was originally operated by children under adult supervision, a concept born during the socialist era.



Offset Litography from 1950s



Tibor Gönczi Gebhardt (source: sulinet.hu)
Tibor Gonczi Gebhardt was a very productive poster artist whose style was first defined by Art Deco, then after 1945 by socialist realism. His designs are invariably realistic and easily approachable. One of his main subjects was agriculture. He usually signed his works as "Gönczi", sometimes as "Gebhardt".

Gönczi began to make graphic designs at a young age. In addition to posters, he designed menus, emblems, stamps, and labels.

Between 1918 and 1922, Gönczi studied at the Iparművészeti Iskola (School for Applied Arts), where his masters were Ferenc Helbing and Jenő Haranghy.

In the 1920s, Gönczi produced decorative, secessionist posters.

In the 1930s, his realist sensibility seemed to be especially effective in reaching the workers and peasants. He designs very typical figures of workers, and their forms display grace and immensity. Influenced by the art deco style of György Konecsni, Gönczi prefered working with folkloristic forms.

From 1930 on, he worked as the graphic designer of the “Klösz György és Fiai Rt”; later he worked for the firm’s legal successor, Offset Nyomda (Offset Printery). Besides his applied graphic works, he also drew ex librises (bookplates) and illustrations.

During the Second World War, he prepared heroic images for the Red Cross.

After 1945, he joined the emerging movement of the political poster, as he designed some posters for the communist party. His works remain realistic, epic, and easy to understand, qualities that equally characterise his socialist realist designs. After 1949 he remained a central figure in the propaganda of the centralized power. He created a famous poster for the merging conference of leftist parties. (The conference's result was that only one party, Népfront remained.) Gönczi's design use the figures of Vera Muhina's famous statue: the worker and the peasant woman. They are leaning ahead together, in a very dynamic composition.

His posters for national holidays (like that of 20th August) and for tourism of Hungary represent a typical image about the new happy state. His agricultural posters are sometimes like illustrational boards, which told basic information to peasants about agricultural works. In this period, the secret of his success was that he could produce posters in his own drawing style, combined with the expectations of socialist realism.

In the 1960's he was still making posters. His new designs were colorful and cheerful compositions. He was often working for tourism: on posters of events, fairs, restaurant and hotels


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About Hungarian Poster Art

Hungarian poster art has long been celebrated for its unique and captivating style, making it a significant cultural and artistic movement in the world. From the late 19th century to the present day, Hungarian poster art has left an indelible mark on the global art scene, with its innovative techniques, bold designs, and powerful messages.

One of the highlights of Hungarian poster art is its ability to seamlessly blend various artistic styles and influences. The movement drew inspiration from a wide range of sources, including Art Nouveau, Constructivism, and Surrealism, resulting in a diverse and eclectic body of work. Artists such as Mihály Bíró, József Bottlik, and István Irsai pushed the boundaries of traditional poster design, experimenting with typography, color, and composition to create visually striking and thought-provoking pieces.

Another notable aspect of Hungarian poster art is its emphasis on storytelling and narrative. Unlike many other countries' posters, which primarily served as advertising tools, Hungarian posters often conveyed a deeper meaning or social commentary. They were not just meant to sell products but also to engage viewers intellectually and emotionally. This storytelling approach allowed Hungarian poster art to transcend its commercial purpose and become a powerful medium for social and political expression.

The importance of Hungarian poster art in the world cannot be overstated. During the early 20th century, Hungary was at the forefront of graphic design, and its posters gained international recognition and acclaim. The Budapest School, a group of Hungarian artists, revolutionized the field with their avant-garde approach, influencing poster art movements across Europe and beyond. Their innovative techniques and artistic vision set new standards for poster design, inspiring generations of artists worldwide.

Furthermore, Hungarian poster art played a crucial role in shaping public opinion and mobilizing society. In times of political turmoil and social change, posters became a powerful tool for propaganda and activism. During World War II and the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, posters were used to rally support, convey messages of resistance, and document historical events. The ability of Hungarian artists to capture the spirit of the times and communicate complex ideas through visual imagery made their posters an integral part of the nation's cultural and political identity.

Today, Hungarian poster art continues to thrive, with contemporary artists carrying on the legacy of their predecessors. The Hungarian Poster Museum in Budapest showcases the rich history and evolution of this art form, attracting visitors from around the world. The enduring appeal and influence of Hungarian poster art can be seen in the works of renowned artists like Tibor Helényi and István Orosz, who have successfully merged traditional techniques with modern aesthetics.

In conclusion, Hungarian poster art stands as a testament to the country's artistic prowess and cultural heritage. Its unique style, emphasis on storytelling, and ability to provoke thought and emotion have made it an important and influential movement in the world. From its early beginnings to the present day, Hungarian poster art continues to captivate audiences and inspire artists, leaving an indelible mark on the global art scene.

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