Ancient Roman Gold Ring with Minerva (Greek Athena) Circa 1st-2nd century AD This fantastic gold ring is composed of a D-shaped hoop with a carinated profile and expanded shoulders. The bezel is set with a stone intaglio depicting Minerva (Greek Athena) standing and leaning to her left, holding a round shield and a long spear. Minerva, in Roman mythology, was the goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare, and handicrafts. Often equated with the Greek goddess Athena, Minerva held a multifaceted role in Roman culture. As the goddess of wisdom, she embodied intellectual prowess, strategic acumen, and the arts of civilization. Her association with warfare signified not only the tactical aspects but also the protective nature of a guardian deity. Dimensions: Diameter 17.73mm; US Size 7 1/2; UK Size O 1/2; weight 8g Provenance: Private UK Ancient Art Collection formerly acquired on the UK, European, and USA Art Markets from pre-2000 Collections. Disclaimer: NO SHIPPING OUTSIDE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. All items will be shipped from Belgium. The seller guarantees and can prove that the object was obtained legally. The seller was informed by Catawiki that they had to provide the documentation required by the laws and regulations in their country of residence. The seller guarantees and is entitled to sell/export this object. The seller will provide all provenance information known about the object to the buyer. The seller ensures that any necessary permits are/will be arranged. The seller will inform the buyer immediately about any delays in obtaining such permits. The seller will not ship outside the EU.