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The finest objects brought to you by {name}

Jeroen Zoetmulder

Large late Medieval bronze crucifix cross pendant 15th/16th century.
Archaeological find.

Middle front Christ - on the ends of the crossbars on the front and rear X engravings - middle rear IHS monogram with cross and stairs (was used in the crucifixion).

Size: 8 x 5 cm.
Condition: Very good for an object what has lied under the ground for such a long time - that’s why the Crucifix has obtained a green/grey patina - signs of old age tracks visible.

The letter "X" is the first initial of the name Christ in Greek.

IHS is a monogram that is used regularly on Catholic objects. This monogram started to appear in the high Middle Ages (ca. 950 - 1270). For example, you can find IHS on church facades, confessionals, prayer cards, crosses, chasubles etc.

The monogram IHS is a representation of the first three letters of Jesus in Greek capital letters: Iota, Eta and Sigma. This is also written as IHC. The capital letter S is originally written in Greek as Σ. In the Late Antiquity and during the early Middle Ages, this was written as a C. Since the later Middle Ages (circa 14th century) the S was used, always depicting the sigma. The H however remained an H, although it actually concerns an E.

Because not everyone realised that these letters are originally Greek, and the letter H is an E in Greek, the monogram turned out to be puzzling. This was probably the reason for coming up with other explanations whereby the monogram became an abbreviation for a Latin phrase. The most common versions are:

Iesus hominum salvator (Jesus the saviour of men).[
In hoc signo (In this sign (thou shalt overcome)), as a reference to a dream the Roman Emperor Constantine supposedly had.

Archaeological find - very good condition - 8 x 5 cm!

Large size Medieval bronze Crucifix cross pendant with engravings - 15th/16th century

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Antiques

This object is no longer available, but there’s still lots to explore

Large size Medieval bronze Crucifix cross pendant with engravings - 15th/16th century

1897 objects

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Antiques

This object is no longer available, but there’s still lots to explore

Large size Medieval bronze Crucifix cross pendant with engravings - 15th/16th century

1897 objects

Related collections