Römisches Reich Bronze, Silber Messer mit Silbereinlage und Jupiterkopf. Spanische Exportlizenz.

ITEM: Knife with silver inlay and Jupiter head
MATERIAL: Bronze and silver
CULTURE: Roman
PERIOD: 1st Century B.C - 1st Century A.D
DIMENSIONS: 100 mm x 8 mm
CONDITION: Good condition
PROVENANCE: Ex Spanish private collection, bought in English auction house. Ex English private collection, acquired between 1965 - 1975

Roman Jupiter, known as Jupiter in Latin and Jupiter Optimus Maximus, was the chief deity in the Roman pantheon and played a central role in the religious and political life of ancient Rome. As the king of the gods, Jupiter was associated with the sky, thunder, and lightning, and he was considered the protector of the state and its laws. His role was analogous to that of Zeus in Greek mythology, from whom many of his attributes and myths were borrowed. Jupiter's position as the supreme deity meant that he was venerated in numerous temples and had a significant influence on Roman rituals and public ceremonies.

One of the most prominent symbols of Jupiter was the thunderbolt, which he wielded as a weapon to maintain order and enforce justice. His primary temple, the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill in Rome, was the most important religious site in the city. This grand temple, completed in 509 BCE and rebuilt several times, served as a focal point for state rituals and ceremonies. Jupiter was honored with grand festivals such as the Ludi Romani, which celebrated his role as the guardian of Rome and the Roman people. These public ceremonies were central to the Roman state religion, reinforcing Jupiter's significance in maintaining the stability and success of the empire.

Jupiter's influence extended beyond religious practices into the realm of politics and imperial ideology. Roman emperors often associated themselves with Jupiter to legitimize their rule and connect their reigns with divine authority. This connection was particularly evident in the adoption of titles and symbols associated with Jupiter, which were used to convey the emperor's role as a protector and ruler sanctioned by the gods.

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